Obesity by meizitang slimforte weight loss to normal

A hypothalamic and higher nervous activity

Square meals a hub located in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, ventral lateral nucleus of the feeding center in the hypothalamus, nerve fiber links between them in the function of mutual adjustment, mutual restraint. Animal experiments show that these two central subject of the body of sugar, fat and amino acids. So the moment can affect the appetite center in the hypothalamic lesions or body of some metabolic changes occur more food, resulting in obesity. This is the main reason of the hypothalamic syndrome. Simple obesity multi-functional changes in the hypothalamus.

Hypothalamic appetite center in the cerebral cortex of higher nervous activity, through the influence of neurotransmitters play a role in regulating hunger and satiation. Mental factors often affect the appetite, the appetite center of the function subject to the mental state. Psychological stress and adrenergic nerve with sympathetic nerve stimulation, appetite suppression

When the vagus nerve while the increase in insulin secretion, appetite, hyperactivity. Known to stimulate the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus to stimulate insulin secretion, so the appetite, hyperactivity; stimulate the belly of nuclear inhibition of insulin secretion and strengthen glucagon secretion, and therefore loss of appetite. Higher nervous activity through the autonomic influence hypothalamic appetite center, and insulin secretion, and thus produce more food obesity or anorexia and meizitang weight loss.

Two endocrine factors

In addition to the factors of the hypothalamus, the body of other endocrine hormonal disorders can cause obesity. Changes in which insulin is recognized as the most critical part in the pathogenesis of obesity, followed by adrenal cortical hormone changes.

(A) Insulin Insulin is a hormone secreted by pancreatic β cells. Its function is to promote liver cell glycogen synthesis, inhibition of gluconeogenesis; promote fat cell uptake of glucose synthesis of fat, and inhibit lipolysis. After two particularly important role in obesity in the pathogenesis. Obesity on insulin secretion is characterized by: ① fasting basis of the value of higher than normal or normal high; ② oral glucose tolerance test, with elevated blood glucose, plasma insulin was further increased; (3) plasma insulin peak is often later than the glucose peak, Therefore 3 to 4 hours postprandial hypoglycemia reaction. In recent years, also found that obese patients with insulin receptor number and affinity are reduced, the presence of insulin insensitivity and resistance. Due to the presence is not sensitive to insulin and resistance need to meet the glucose metabolism, insulin must be maintained at a high level, hyperinsulinemia on fat cells and fat metabolism, make the fat synthesis increases, decomposition to reduce obesity, the further development. Obesity by meizitang slimforte weight loss to normal after the return to normal plasma insulin levels and insulin receptor, suggesting that this change is secondary.

(B) of the glucocorticoid glucocorticoid hormone of the adrenal cortex fascicular secretion, mainly cortisol in humans. Simple obesity may have some degree of adrenal cortical hyperfunction, normal or elevated plasma cortisol; secondary obesity, Cushing syndrome, plasma cortisol was significantly higher.

Increased plasma cortisol, blood sugar, causing insulin to rise, which leads to too much fat synthesis, the formation of obesity. Trunk and limbs, adipose tissue, insulin and cortisol reactivity, it was of central obesity.

(C) growth hormone growth hormone is a protein hormone of anterior pituitary secretion, promote protein synthesis, the mobilization of stored fat, and resistance to insulin action, but early in the role of performance for the role of insulin-like. Mutual antagonism of growth hormone and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. If you reduce the growth hormone, insulin action is relatively dominant, can increase in fat synthesis, resulting in obesity. Now been confirmed that the level of growth hormone basis of obese patients to reduce the secretory response to low levels of arginine, low blood sugar, hunger, and sports activities to stimulate conditions, results in hunger and sports activities a lot of energy from fat decomposition. Such as fasting for 2 days, normal plasma GH increased from 10 micrograms / liter to 15 micrograms / l, obese rose from 2 μg / L to 5 μg / l. This change with obesity disappeared back to normal.

(D) of thyroid hormone thyroid hormone and obesity is unclear. Obese there is generally no abnormal thyroid function, even though the basal metabolic rate of obese people may be slightly lower than normal, it does not mean that low thyroid function. Occasionally the two in combination.

(E) gonadal hormones in male hormone testosterone, more than 90% of the synthesis and secretion by the testes. In women by the ovaries, adrenal synthesis and secretion of a little. Estrogen and progesterone, mainly by the ovarian synthesis and secretion. Sex hormone itself does not act directly on fat metabolism.

The female body fat mass than men, female body fat percentage of higher than men, and subcutaneous fat addition to the individual parts, generally, than men, the thickness of the corresponding parts of doubling. Can be obesity in women during pregnancy, menopause, male or male livestock castration. But the mechanism is unclear. That too much about menopause, obesity and pituitary gonadotropin secretion. Animals castrated after islet hypertrophy and hyperplasia, increased secretion of insulin promote fat synthesis. In addition to a small number of hypogonadism, obesity, general obesity hormone secretion disorders.

(F) glucagon, glucagon secretion by the pancreatic alpha cells contrary to its role and insulin, fat suppression. Obese patients glucagon whether there is disorder, to be studied.

(G) catecholamine catecholamines from the brain, the sympathetic nerve endings, chromaffin tissue is mainly generated by the adrenal medulla, can promote fat decomposition, the cerebral cortex by catecholamine and serotonin regulation of hypothalamic function, sympathetic regulation of insulin secretion by catecholamines. Adipose tissue of obese patients is not sensitive on the role of catecholamine hormones return to normal after weight loss.

In summary, the etiology of obesity are many, such as genetic predisposition, dietary habits, reduced physical activity and mental factors, are important reasons.